1. Plastic mbishi zvinhu. Iri raw material rinonyanya kuumbwa nemamineral evhu, iyi silicate ine layered structure, tudikidiki, uye ine mamwe mapurasitiki. Paunenge uchiita makeramics, ichava nebasa rekubatanidza uye plasticizing, kuitira kuti grouting igadziriswe nokukurumidza, kuitira kuti iyo isina chinhu inogonawo kuumbwa nyore nyore, uye panguva imwechete ine kemikari yakasimba uye kugadzikana kwekupisa.
2. Mishonga isingabereki. Pane zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha, zvinosanganisira okisijeni-ine munyu, aruminiyamu oxides, silicon oxides, nezvimwewo, uye izvi zvicherwa zvikamu hazvisi zvepurasitiki. Paunenge uchigadzira makeramiki, ichaita basa rekudzikisa viscosity, kuitira kuti viscosity yechinhu chisina chinhu chideredzwe. Imwe quartz inosanganiswa negirazi yefeldspar kudzivirira deformation yakakwirira-yekushisa.
3. Flux mbishi zvinhu. Zvicherwa zvakadai semasimbi ealkali, munyu ane okisijeni uye maokisi emuvhu simbi ane alkaline ndiwo mabasa makuru, uye basa guru nderekubatsira kunyunguduka, uye mumamiriro ekunyunguduka kwekushisa kwakanyanya, imwe kaolin nequartz inogona kunyungudutswa, kuitira kuti pave nechinangwa chekuisa simende. Zvishandiso zvakajairika ndeye granite, dolomite uye feldspar.
4. Inoshanda mbishi zvinhu. Iyo zvakare chinhu chakasvibirira chinoshandiswa kugadzira ceramics, uye kunyangwe isingaite basa rakakura, zvakare yakakosha. Mukugadzira makeramiki, kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwezvinhu zvakasvibirira zvakadaro zvinogona kuvandudza mashandiro, kuvandudza maitiro, uye kuwedzera kutaridzika kwese uye kukosha.
